Here's how to think about it:
* Schwa is a very short, unstressed vowel sound. It's the most common vowel sound in English.
* In "gravel", the stress is on the first syllable "grav". This makes the vowel sound in the second syllable, "a", very short and unstressed.
* This unstressed "a" sound is pronounced as the schwa sound (ə).
So, the word "gravel" is pronounced as ˈɡræv.əl.