* Spanish was the language of power and education: During Rizal's time, Spanish was the language of the ruling class, government, and education. He was educated in Spanish-medium schools and wrote most of his works in Spanish.
* Tagalog was his native tongue: Rizal was born and raised in a Tagalog-speaking region, and he likely learned the language from his family. He also used Tagalog in his personal writings and correspondence.
* Multiple languages: Rizal was known to be multilingual, and spoke other languages like English and German.
Considering the factors:
* Formal education: Spanish received more formal emphasis in Rizal's life, making it the language he was more proficient in for academic and writing purposes.
* Personal communication: Tagalog was likely the language he used for casual conversations with family and friends.
Conclusion:
While Spanish was likely the language Rizal was more proficient in for formal use, Tagalog was his native tongue and the language he used for personal communication. It's impossible to say definitively which language he was "more fluent" in as fluency can be subjective and depend on the context.