* Sam will go into water. (This is a simple declarative sentence, so it ends with a period.)
* Sam will go into water, but only if it's warm. (This is a compound sentence, so it uses a comma before the conjunction "but.")
* "Sam will go into water," said the lifeguard. (This is a quote, so it uses quotation marks.)
Without more context, it's impossible to know for sure what the correct punctuation is.