Formal:
* Afternoon - This is the most common and straightforward term.
* Post-meridian - This is a more technical term, literally meaning "after midday."
Informal:
* Late afternoon - This emphasizes the time being later than midday.
* Early evening - This emphasizes the time being closer to evening.
Literary:
* Eventide - This has a poetic feel and refers to the time of day when the sun begins to set.
The best choice will depend on the context of your writing.