1. Complex sentence structures: Instead of short, simple sentences, the writer uses longer, more complex sentences with multiple clauses and phrases. This adds sophistication and a sense of deliberation.
2. Precise and elevated vocabulary: The writer chooses words that are specific and less common, avoiding slang or informal language. They might use synonyms to avoid repetition and enhance the impact of their writing.
3. Objective language: The writer avoids personal opinions and emotions, focusing on factual information and presenting a neutral perspective. This emphasizes professionalism and objectivity.
4. Third-person narration: Using the third person ("he," "she," "it," "they") instead of the first person ("I," "we") creates a more distanced and formal tone.
5. Passive voice: While not always preferable, using the passive voice ("The report was written by the committee") can sometimes make the writing sound more formal and less direct.
6. Formal greetings and closings: In letters or emails, formal greetings like "Dear [name]" and closings like "Sincerely," "Respectfully," or "Yours faithfully" are used to convey respect and professionalism.
7. Proper punctuation and grammar: Strict adherence to grammatical rules and punctuation conventions is essential for maintaining a formal tone.
8. Avoiding contractions and colloquialisms: Contractions (like "can't" or "don't") and informal language ("gonna" or "wanna") are best avoided in formal writing.
Remember, the level of formality depends on the context and purpose of the writing. A formal letter will use a different tone than a casual email to a friend.