More neutral:
* Heated discussion
* Disagreement
* Dispute
* Altercation
* Row
* Bickering
* Quarrel
* Squabble
More intense:
* Shouting match
* Raging debate
* Tumultuous exchange
* Cacophony of voices
* Brawl
* Donnybrook
* Melee
Figurative:
* Tempest in a teapot
* Storm in a teacup
* A clash of titans
* A verbal war
The best choice depends on the specific situation and the tone you want to convey.