Here's why it's difficult to translate:
* Subjectivity: Kawaii is highly subjective and depends on the cultural context. What's considered kawaii in Japan might not be in other countries.
* Multiple Meanings: It can refer to physical appearance, personality, actions, or even objects.
* Emotional Response: Kawaii evokes a feeling of fondness, affection, and a desire to protect or nurture.
Therefore, while "cute" or "adorable" can be used as close approximations, they don't fully capture the essence of "kawaii". It's better to understand the word as a cultural phenomenon rather than a direct translation.