General terms:
* Value: This is the most technical term, referring to the lightness or darkness of a color.
* Chiaroscuro: This refers to the use of light and shadow to create depth and volume in a painting.
* Tonal range: This refers to the overall range of light and dark values in a work of art.
More specific terms:
* Hue: This refers to the pure color itself, without any shading or toning.
* Saturation: This refers to the intensity or purity of a color.
* Gradation: This refers to a gradual transition from one value to another.
* Contrast: This refers to the difference between light and dark values.
* Modeling: This refers to the use of light and shadow to create the illusion of three-dimensionality.
Informal terms:
* Darkness: This is a simple term for a darker value.
* Lightness: This is a simple term for a lighter value.
* Depth: This refers to the sense of three-dimensionality created by shading.
* Atmosphere: This refers to the mood or feeling created by the use of light and shadow.
The best word to use will depend on the specific situation. For example, if you are discussing the technical aspects of a painting, you might use the term "value." If you are discussing the overall effect of a painting, you might use the term "atmosphere."
It's also worth noting that different artists and art movements use shade and tone in different ways. For example, Renaissance artists were known for their use of chiaroscuro, while Impressionist artists often used more subtle shades of light and dark.