Here's a breakdown:
* Sign language: A visual-gestural language used by Deaf and hard-of-hearing communities.
* Manual signs: The handshapes and movements that form the core of sign language.
* Non-manual markers: These are the additional elements that enrich the meaning of signs. They include:
* Facial expressions: Eyebrows, mouth shapes, and eye gaze can indicate things like questions, negations, emphasis, and emotions.
* Body movements: Head nods, shakes, and body leans can provide additional context.
* Other markers: These can include tongue clicks, throat clearing, and other subtle movements that influence the meaning.
Why are non-manualized structures important?
* Clarify meaning: They can help distinguish between signs that look similar, add nuances to a sign's meaning, and express grammatical information.
* Convey complex information: They allow for the expression of subtle emotions, irony, sarcasm, and other complex concepts.
* Cultural significance: These structures are deeply embedded in the culture of the Deaf community and contribute to their rich and expressive communication style.
Examples of non-manualized structures:
* Raised eyebrows: Indicate a question.
* Frowning: Can indicate negation or disagreement.
* Pursed lips: Can indicate a small size or quantity.
* Head nods: Indicate agreement or confirmation.
The term "non-manualized structures" is used in contrast to "manual signs" and emphasizes the importance of these non-manual elements in understanding sign language.