General:
* Defects: This is the most direct and common noun.
* Flaws: This implies imperfections that detract from something's quality.
* Imperfections: This emphasizes the lack of perfection.
* Shortcomings: This emphasizes the failure to meet expectations.
* Faults: This is a more formal term, often used for serious defects.
Specific:
* Errors: For defects in a process or product.
* Bugs: For software defects.
* Malfunctions: For defects in a system or machine.
* Blemishes: For physical defects on a surface.
Figurative:
* Weaknesses: This is often used metaphorically for personality flaws.
* Vices: This implies moral failings.
The best word to use will depend on the specific context and the type of defect being discussed.