* Abstractness: While pictographs relied on representing objects directly, cuneiform developed into a system of abstract signs that could represent sounds, syllables, or even ideas. This made it much more efficient for writing complex languages with a large number of words.
* Flexibility: Cuneiform could express a wider range of concepts and ideas, including abstract nouns, verbs, and grammatical structures. This allowed for more nuanced communication and more complex literary works.
* Adaptability: Cuneiform could be adapted to represent different languages, as the signs were not tied to specific objects or concepts. This facilitated communication across different cultures and allowed for the recording of diverse knowledge.
* Ease of Use: While the initial stages of cuneiform involved complex pictograms, the system eventually evolved to use simpler, wedge-shaped marks that were easier to create on clay tablets. This made writing more accessible and efficient.
However, it's important to note that cuneiform was not entirely devoid of picture writing. Early cuneiform scripts did use pictograms, and even later forms still retained some iconic elements.
Ultimately, the evolution of cuneiform from a purely pictographic system to a more abstract system allowed for greater flexibility, efficiency, and adaptability, making it a valuable tool for communication and record-keeping in ancient Mesopotamia.