Feminine Endings:
* -a: This is the most common feminine ending. Examples: *la casa* (the house), *la mesa* (the table), *la flor* (the flower)
* -ción: This ending often, but not always, indicates a feminine noun. Examples: *la información* (the information), *la educación* (the education), *la tradición* (the tradition).
* -dad: This ending is always feminine. Examples: *la libertad* (the freedom), *la verdad* (the truth), *la amistad* (the friendship).
* -tud: This ending is always feminine. Example: *la actitud* (the attitude).
* -umbre: This ending is always feminine. Example: *la costumbre* (the custom).
Masculine Endings:
* -o: This is the most common masculine ending. Examples: *el libro* (the book), *el perro* (the dog), *el carro* (the car).
* -e: This ending can be both masculine and feminine. You need to know the specific word. Examples: *el arte* (the art), *la nube* (the cloud).
* -ma: This ending is always masculine. Examples: *el problema* (the problem), *el drama* (the drama).
* -ión: This ending is often, but not always, masculine. Examples: *el avión* (the plane), *el camión* (the truck), *el corazón* (the heart).
Exceptions:
* -ista: This ending can be masculine or feminine. You need to know the specific word. Examples: *el artista* (the artist), *la pianista* (the pianist).
* -or: This ending can be masculine or feminine, but is usually masculine. Examples: *el actor* (the actor), *la doctora* (the doctor).
Important Notes:
* Many words ending in -e have both masculine and feminine forms: For instance, *el hambre* (hunger) is masculine, but *la hambre* (hunger) is feminine.
* The ending is not always a reliable indicator of gender: You'll need to learn each word's gender through practice and exposure.
* Articles (el, la, los, las) are essential for identifying gender: The articles *el* (masculine singular), *la* (feminine singular), *los* (masculine plural), and *las* (feminine plural) are always used before nouns and clearly indicate the gender.
Let me know if you'd like examples of any of these!