Here's a breakdown:
Nouns:
* Masculine:
* Ending in -er: le livre (book), le cahier (notebook), le professeur (teacher)
* Ending in -eur: le serveur (waiter), le joueur (player)
* Ending in -age: le courage (courage), le voyage (trip)
* Ending in -ment: le moment (moment), le jugement (judgment)
* Ending in -isme: le communisme (communism), le racisme (racism)
* Many others: le chien (dog), le chat (cat), le ciel (sky), le soleil (sun)
* Feminine:
* Ending in -e: la maison (house), la table (table), la fille (girl)
* Ending in -tion: la nation (nation), la formation (training)
* Ending in -té: la liberté (freedom), la beauté (beauty)
* Ending in -ure: la nature (nature), la culture (culture)
* Many others: la lune (moon), la mer (sea), la terre (earth)
Adjectives:
* Masculine:
* Ending in -er: grand (big), petit (small), jeune (young)
* Ending in -eux: heureux (happy), courageux (courageous)
* Many others: bleu (blue), vert (green), rouge (red)
* Feminine:
* Add -e to the masculine form: grande (big), petite (small), jeune (young)
* Some have irregular forms: belle (beautiful), nouvelle (new)
Exceptions & Irregularities:
* Many nouns don't follow these general rules, and some are gender-specific (e.g., le pain (bread) is masculine, la pomme (apple) is feminine).
* Some nouns have the same form for both masculine and feminine (e.g., le/la personne (person)).
Important Note:
French grammar is complex and nuanced. It's recommended to learn the grammatical gender of each noun through practice and exposure to the language.
For learning purposes, it's better to focus on understanding the gender agreement rules rather than simply categorizing words as masculine or feminine.