It encompasses the following meanings:
* A group of people living together in a more or less organized community. This refers to a social group with shared customs, traditions, and institutions.
* The complex web of relationships between individuals within a community. This includes social structures, institutions, and the way people interact with each other.
* The system of social, political, and economic relationships within a community. This encompasses the rules, norms, and power structures that govern the community.
In essence, "lipunan" refers to the interconnectedness and collective life of people within a specific geographical area. It highlights the shared experiences, values, and challenges that bind individuals together.