Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of archeometry:
* Multidisciplinary: Archeometry combines methods and expertise from various fields like physics, chemistry, geology, mathematics, and statistics.
* Scientific Methods: Archeometry relies on laboratory analysis, instrumental techniques, and quantitative methods to extract information from artifacts.
* Archaeological Materials: The focus is on analyzing various materials, including ceramics, metals, stone tools, glass, organic remains (bones, wood, textiles), and pigments.
* Understanding the Past: The goal is to reconstruct past technologies, trade networks, environmental conditions, chronology, and the lives and beliefs of ancient people.
Here are some examples of how archeometry is applied:
* Dating artifacts: Radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology, thermoluminescence dating, and other techniques provide precise age estimates.
* Analyzing materials: Elemental analysis, isotopic analysis, and trace element analysis help identify the origin of raw materials and the manufacturing processes.
* Reconstructing trade networks: Studying pottery composition, metal alloys, and imported goods reveals ancient trade routes and cultural connections.
* Investigating past environments: Analysis of sediment cores, pollen, and plant remains helps reconstruct past climates, vegetation, and agricultural practices.
* Understanding human behavior: Analysis of skeletal remains provides insights into diet, health, disease, and burial practices.
Therefore, the best definition of archeometry emphasizes its interdisciplinary approach, scientific rigor, and focus on revealing the complexities of past societies through the study of their material remains.