1. Metaphor: A direct comparison between two unlike things, without using "like" or "as".
* Example: "The world is a stage."
2. Simile: A comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as".
* Example: "Her voice was like velvet."
3. Personification: Giving human qualities or characteristics to inanimate objects or abstract ideas.
* Example: "The wind whispered secrets through the trees."
4. Hyperbole: An exaggeration used for emphasis or humor.
* Example: "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."
5. Understatement: The opposite of hyperbole, intentionally downplaying the significance of something.
* Example: "It's a bit chilly outside." (when it's freezing)
6. Oxymoron: A combination of contradictory terms.
* Example: "Living dead," "sweet sorrow"
7. Metonymy: Replacing a word with a related term.
* Example: "The crown" refers to the monarchy.
8. Synecdoche: Using a part to represent the whole, or vice versa.
* Example: "Wheels" to represent a car.