Focusing on the action:
* Destroyer: This emphasizes the opposite of preserving and understanding the past.
* Builder: This highlights the creation of new things, the opposite of studying the old.
Focusing on the object of study:
* Future historian: This focuses on the future instead of the past.
* Cosmologist: This focuses on the study of the universe rather than human history.
Focusing on the approach:
* Skeptic: This emphasizes doubt rather than investigation and belief in historical evidence.
* Fundamentalist: This highlights a literal interpretation of the past, rather than the critical analysis done by archaeologists.
Ultimately, the best antonym for "archaeologist" depends on the specific context you are using it in.