* Scaling: Imagine you have a square. Scaling it up makes it larger, while scaling it down makes it smaller. This changes the size but not necessarily the shape.
* Stretching: Think of a rectangle. Stretching it horizontally makes it longer, but it maintains its rectangular shape. This changes both the size and shape of the object.
* Shearing: Imagine a parallelogram. Shearing it pushes one side horizontally, making the shape more slanted. This changes both the shape and the angles of the object.
* Rotation and Scaling: Imagine a circle. Rotating it does not change its shape or size, but scaling it up or down does. Combining these two creates a non-rigid transformation.
These are just a few examples, and there are many other types of non-rigid transformations. The key thing to remember is that they alter the shape or size of the object, unlike rigid transformations, which only change its position and orientation.