1. Running down the street. (Missing a subject)
2. Because it was raining heavily. (Missing a main verb)
3. After the movie was over. (Dependent clause without an independent clause)
4. The beautiful, blue sky. (Adjective phrase without a subject or verb)
5. Over the mountains and through the woods. (Prepositional phrase without a subject or verb)
6. To the store. (Infinitive phrase without a subject or verb)
7. While you were sleeping. (Subordinating conjunction without a complete sentence)
8. Jumping for joy. (Gerund phrase without a subject or verb)
9. With a smile on her face. (Participial phrase without a subject or verb)
10. Especially the chocolate cake. (Adverbial phrase without a subject or verb)