1. Description: This structure focuses on describing a topic, person, place, or thing. It uses sensory details and examples to paint a clear picture for the reader.
2. Sequence/Chronological: This structure presents information in a step-by-step order, typically following a timeline or a process. It uses words like "first," "next," "then," and "finally" to guide the reader.
3. Compare and Contrast: This structure examines the similarities and differences between two or more topics. It often uses phrases like "on the other hand," "in contrast," and "similarly" to highlight the comparisons.
4. Cause and Effect: This structure explores the relationship between an event and its consequences. It uses words like "because," "as a result," and "therefore" to show the link between cause and effect.
5. Problem and Solution: This structure presents a problem and then offers one or more solutions. It uses phrases like "the problem is," "one solution is," and "as a result" to emphasize the issue and the proposed solutions.
These five text structures are not mutually exclusive, and writers often combine them within a single piece of writing. Recognizing text structures can help readers understand and analyze information more effectively.