Here's a breakdown of the meaning:
* Mirror: A reflective surface that shows an image as it truly is.
* Hold up to nature: To present something for comparison to the real world.
Therefore, the phrase suggests that an artist or writer should not distort or embellish reality but instead capture it with fidelity. This does not mean that they must be entirely literal or realistic in their work, but rather that they should strive for authenticity and honesty in their representation of the world.
Examples of this in literature and art:
* Shakespeare's Hamlet: Often cited as an example of holding a mirror up to nature, Hamlet explores the complexities of human emotions and morality with unflinching honesty.
* Realistic paintings: Painters like Gustave Courbet and Jean-François Millet sought to depict everyday life and the working class in a truthful and unidealized way.
* Photojournalism: Photojournalists strive to capture the world as it is, often documenting events and struggles with a strong sense of objectivity.
By holding a mirror up to nature, artists and writers can help us understand ourselves and the world around us better. They provide insights into the human condition, expose societal flaws, and inspire us to think critically about the world we live in.