There are two main types of characterization:
* Direct characterization: The author directly tells the reader about a character's traits. For example: "He was a kind and generous man."
* Indirect characterization: The author shows the reader the character's traits through their actions, thoughts, speech, and appearance. For example: "He always offered to help others, even when he was busy himself."
By describing a character's appearance, thoughts, actions, and speech, a writer can reveal their personality, motivations, and values to the reader. This helps the reader to understand and connect with the characters in a story.