* s, x, ch, sh, or z:
* Examples: buses, boxes, churches, bushes, buzzes
* a consonant + y:
* Examples: babies, stories, countries
Note: If a noun ends in a vowel + y, you just add an "s" to make it plural:
* Examples: toys, boys, monkeys
There are also some exceptions to these rules, such as:
* Irregular plurals: These nouns have unique plural forms, often not following any rules.
* Examples: child/children, mouse/mice, man/men, woman/women
* Nouns that remain singular: Some nouns don't change form in the plural.
* Examples: sheep, deer, series, species
It's important to check the dictionary if you're unsure about the plural form of a particular noun.