For "Bayanihan":
* Community spirit: This encompasses the idea of working together for a common goal.
* Mutual assistance: This highlights the act of helping each other.
* Collective effort: This emphasizes the collaborative nature of bayanihan.
* Community cooperation: This points to the teamwork involved.
For "Pakikisama":
* Harmony: This reflects the importance of getting along with others.
* Social grace: This emphasizes the polite and considerate behavior expected in pakikisama.
* Politeness: This captures the respectful communication aspect.
* Good manners: This focuses on the etiquette associated with pakikisama.
* Smooth interpersonal relations: This emphasizes the goal of avoiding conflict and maintaining good relationships.
It's important to note:
* Using multiple terms can help convey the different facets of these concepts.
* Context is crucial. The most appropriate English term will depend on the specific situation and the intended meaning.
* Explaining the concepts in more detail can be helpful to ensure understanding.
For instance, instead of simply saying "community spirit," you could explain that "bayanihan" is a Filipino tradition of working together to achieve a common goal, often involving physical labor and a strong sense of community.