Is the word trained a participle or gerund?

The word "trained" can be both a participle and a gerund, depending on its function in the sentence.

Here's how to tell:

Participle:

* Acts as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.

* Example: "The trained dog sat patiently." (Here, "trained" describes the dog)

Gerund:

* Functions as a noun.

* Example: "Training a dog takes time and patience." (Here, "training" is the subject of the sentence)

To determine which it is, consider its role in the sentence.

Example:

* "I saw a trained monkey." (participle, modifying "monkey")

* "Training a dog can be rewarding." (gerund, subject of the sentence)