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What are words that substitute for proper nouns such as I or him.?

You're asking about pronouns, which are words that replace nouns to avoid repetition. Here's a breakdown of pronoun types that can substitute for proper nouns like "I" or "him":

Personal Pronouns:

* Subject Pronouns: These act as the subject of a sentence (the one performing the action).

* First Person: I, we

* Second Person: You

* Third Person: He, she, it, they

* Object Pronouns: These are the objects of a verb or preposition.

* First Person: Me, us

* Second Person: You

* Third Person: Him, her, it, them

Examples:

* "John went to the store." (Proper noun)

* "He went to the store." (Third person singular pronoun replacing "John")

* "I saw John at the store." (First person singular pronoun replacing the speaker)

* "Mary gave John a book." (Proper nouns)

* "She gave him a book." (Third person singular pronouns replacing "Mary" and "John")

Other Pronoun Types:

* Possessive Pronouns: Show ownership (mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs).

* Reflexive Pronouns: Reflect back on the subject (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves).

* Demonstrative Pronouns: Point to specific things (this, that, these, those).

Important Note: Choosing the correct pronoun depends on the grammatical context and the relationship between the speaker and the person or thing being referred to.

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