General antonyms:
* Slow
* Gradual
* Leisurely
* Sluggish
* Delayed
More specific antonyms:
* Steady (if referring to speed)
* Painstaking (if referring to effort)
* Methodical (if referring to process)
* Deliberate (if referring to action)
The best antonym for "rapid" will depend on the specific situation. For example, if you're talking about the speed of a car, "slow" would be the best antonym. But if you're talking about the development of a plant, "gradual" might be a better choice.