1. As a Proper Noun:
* If "homeland" refers to a specific country or region with a recognized official name, it is capitalized.
* Examples:
* "The war forced many to flee their homeland." (refers to a specific country)
* "He longed to return to his homeland of Ireland."
2. As a Common Noun:
* If "homeland" is used in a general sense without referring to a specific place, it is not capitalized.
* Examples:
* "They fought for their homeland." (refers to the concept of a homeland in general)
* "The poem evokes a sense of longing for homeland."
In summary: Capitalize "homeland" when it refers to a specific country or region, and leave it lowercase when used in a general sense.