* Linguist: This is the broadest term, encompassing anyone who studies language in its various forms. This could include its structure, history, sound, meaning, and social context.
* Historical Linguist: Specifically studies how languages change over time, often focusing on reconstructing ancient languages and understanding the relationships between them.
* Philologist: A specialist in the history of language, especially the study of ancient texts and their interpretation.
* Epigrapher: Focuses on the study of inscriptions, especially those written in ancient languages.
* Paleographer: Studies ancient handwriting and documents, deciphering scripts and determining their age and origin.
* Textual Critic: Analyzes different versions of a text to determine the most accurate and original version.
* Archivist: Manages and preserves written records, including historical documents, manuscripts, and other materials.
The specific title will depend on the scientist's area of expertise and their particular research focus.