General meaning:
* l'étude (feminine) - This is the most common and general word for "study" as a noun. It can refer to the act of studying, a research project, or a particular field of study.
Specific meanings:
* l'apprentissage (masculine) - This refers to the process of learning or acquiring knowledge.
* la recherche (feminine) - This refers to research or investigation.
* la formation (feminine) - This refers to education or training.
Example sentences:
* J'aime l'étude de l'histoire. (I like the study of history.)
* Elle a fait une étude sur les effets du changement climatique. (She conducted a study on the effects of climate change.)
* Il est en apprentissage chez un boulanger. (He is apprenticing with a baker.)
* La recherche sur les maladies rares a progressé. (Research on rare diseases has progressed.)
* Il a suivi une formation en informatique. (He took a computer training course.)
Choose the word that best fits the specific meaning you want to convey.