Abundant focuses on quantity and plenty. It implies a large amount of something, often exceeding what is needed.
Example: The garden had an abundant harvest of tomatoes.
Prolific emphasizes productivity and frequent creation. It implies a high rate of producing something, often of high quality.
Example: The author is a prolific writer, publishing a new novel every year.
Therefore, "abundant" and "prolific" are not interchangeable. They describe different aspects of a large quantity.
However, in some contexts, they can be used interchangeably depending on the specific situation. For example, you might say "The artist is prolific in their work" or "The artist's work is abundant." Both sentences are grammatically correct, but they emphasize slightly different aspects of the artist's output.