Defamation is a broad term that encompasses both libel (written or published defamation) and slander (spoken defamation).
To be considered defamation, the statement must:
* Be false.
* Be published or spoken to a third party.
* Be harmful to the person's reputation.
* Cause actual damage (in some cases).
It's important to note that the specific laws regarding defamation can vary depending on the jurisdiction.