1. Conceptualization
* Idea Generation: This is where you start thinking about what you want to say.
* What's the purpose of your speech? (Inform, persuade, entertain, etc.)
* What points do you want to make?
* What stories or examples will you use?
* Planning and Structuring:
* Organize your thoughts into a logical sequence.
* Develop a basic outline.
* Consider the audience and context (formal vs. informal, setting, time constraints).
2. Formulation
* Choosing Words:
* Select words that accurately convey your ideas and are appropriate for the audience.
* Consider vocabulary, grammar, and syntax.
* Grammatical Encoding:
* Formulate sentences and phrases that are grammatically correct.
* Ensure clarity and coherence.
3. Articulation
* Physiological Processes:
* This involves the physical act of speaking, including breathing, vocal fold vibration, and the movement of your mouth and tongue.
* Phonetic Production:
* Create the sounds of speech.
* Pay attention to pronunciation and intonation.
4. Monitoring and Feedback
* Self-Monitoring:
* As you speak, you constantly monitor your own performance.
* You might adjust your speech based on your own perception of how it sounds.
* Auditory Feedback:
* You listen to yourself as you speak. This helps you make corrections and refine your delivery.
* Visual Feedback:
* You may also notice how your audience is reacting (body language, facial expressions) and adjust your speaking accordingly.
5. Post-Speech Evaluation (Optional)
* This stage is about reflecting on your performance.
* You can ask yourself questions like:
* Did I achieve my goals?
* Did I communicate my message effectively?
* What could I do better next time?
It's Important to Remember:
* These stages often happen very quickly and subconsciously.
* You can consciously improve your speaking by paying more attention to each stage.
* Practice and feedback are crucial for developing strong speaking skills.