Greek:
* Prefixes:
* auto- (self): automatic, autonomy
* anti- (against): antibiotic, antipathy
* dia- (through): diameter, diagnosis
* epi- (upon): epidemic, epigram
* hyper- (above): hyperactive, hyperbole
* hypo- (below): hypothermia, hypothesis
* syn- (together): synthesis, synonym
* Roots:
* -graph (write): autograph, biography
* -phon (sound): telephone, symphony
* -cosm (universe): cosmos, microcosm
* -ology (study of): biology, psychology
Latin:
* Prefixes:
* ad- (to): adhere, advent
* de- (from): deduce, depart
* in- (in, into): introduce, inspect
* pre- (before): predict, prepare
* re- (again): repeat, return
* sub- (under): submarine, substandard
* Roots:
* -ject (throw): eject, project
* -port (carry): export, import
* -struct (build): construct, instruct
* -fer (carry): confer, transfer
* -cept (take): intercept, concept
French:
* Prefixes:
* a- (to, at): arrive, arrange
* de- (from, of): depart, decline
* en- (in, into): enter, enclose
* re- (again): repeat, rewrite
* Roots:
* -ance (state of being): elegance, importance
* -ment (act of): judgment, movement
* -able (capable of being): lovable, readable
* -ous (full of): glorious, joyous
Old English:
* Prefixes:
* a- (on, in): aboard, asleep
* be- (make, cause to): befriend, befog
* for- (away, forth): forget, forgive
* un- (not): unwrap, unkind
* Roots:
* -dom (state, condition): kingdom, wisdom
* -ship (state of being): friendship, hardship
* -hood (state of being): childhood, manhood
* -ing (action): working, singing
Other Languages:
* German: (e.g., -heit -hood, -keit -ness)
* Arabic: (e.g., al- the, -ism -ism, -ology -ology)
* Native American Languages: (e.g., -oma tumor, -itis inflammation)
Important Notes:
* The prominence of Greek and Latin roots in English is due to their influence during the Renaissance and Enlightenment.
* The number of prefixes and roots borrowed from a language doesn't necessarily reflect the influence of that language on English.
* English has a constantly evolving vocabulary, so new prefixes and roots are always being borrowed from various languages.
By studying the origins of prefixes and roots, you can gain a deeper understanding of the history and evolution of the English language.