Formal:
* من فارسی صحبت میکنم (Man Farsi sohbat mikonam) - This is the most formal way to say it.
* من به زبان فارسی صحبت میکنم (Man be zabān-e Farsi sohbat mikonam) - This adds the word "language" for even more formality.
Informal:
* من فارسی حرف میزنم (Man Farsi harf mizanam) - This is a more informal way to say it.
Even more casual:
* فارسی بلدم (Farsi baladam) - This literally means "I know Farsi," and it's a very casual way to express that you speak the language.
You can also use the word "fluent" in Farsi if you want to emphasize your level of proficiency:
* من به زبان فارسی مسلط هستم (Man be zabān-e Farsi mosallet hastam) - This means "I am fluent in Farsi."
The best option for you will depend on the situation and who you are talking to.