1. Visual-Spatial Nature: ASL is a visual language, relying on handshapes, facial expressions, and body movements for communication. Unlike spoken languages, it doesn't rely on sound.
2. Linguistic Features: ASL has its own grammar and syntax, which differ significantly from English. For example, ASL utilizes spatial referencing and verb agreement, where the sign itself can change depending on the subject and object.
3. Origin and Development: ASL developed independently from spoken English, originating from sign languages used by the Deaf community in France. This means it has its own unique history and evolution, separate from the evolution of English.
4. Cultural Influence: ASL is deeply intertwined with Deaf culture. It's not just a means of communication, but also a vital part of Deaf identity and community. This is reflected in the use of cultural signs and expressions specific to the Deaf community.
5. Modality: ASL is considered a "non-oral" language, meaning it doesn't rely on spoken sounds. This is a crucial distinction from spoken languages.
6. Deaf-Hear Hearing Communication: While ASL is the primary language of the Deaf community, it's important to note that Deaf and hearing individuals often communicate with each other through a combination of sign language, spoken English, and lip reading.
7. Variability: ASL exhibits regional and personal variations, just like any other language. Different signers may have different signing styles and dialectal variations.
Here's a simple analogy: Imagine learning French. You'd need to learn new vocabulary, grammar rules, and cultural nuances. ASL is similar in that it requires learning a completely different set of linguistic rules and cultural expressions.
In summary, ASL's unique visual-spatial nature, independent linguistic features, cultural significance, and non-oral modality make it distinct from spoken languages. It's a fascinating and complex language that offers a rich window into the world of Deaf culture.