Mandarin Chinese: This is the official language of the ROC and is spoken by the majority of the population. It is a standard variety of Chinese based on the Beijing dialect.
Taiwanese Hokkien: This is a Southern Min Chinese dialect spoken by a significant portion of the population, particularly in southern and central Taiwan.
Hakka: Another Chinese dialect spoken by a smaller but still substantial portion of the population.
Indigenous Languages: Taiwan has a rich history of indigenous languages, with over 14 recognized languages. These languages are spoken by different indigenous communities across the island.
English: English is widely used in education, business, and tourism. It is often taught as a second language in schools.
Other Languages: While less common, other languages like Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese, and Thai are also spoken by small communities in Taiwan.
It's important to note that language use can vary depending on region, age, and social context. While Mandarin Chinese is the official language, Taiwanese Hokkien and other dialects are still commonly spoken in daily life.