However, the linguistic landscape is more complex than that:
* Cantonese is the dominant language, spoken by the vast majority of the population.
* English is widely used in government, education, business, and media. It is also commonly used in many public spaces, such as signs and announcements.
* Putonghua (Mandarin) is gaining in popularity, especially among younger generations, due to its increasing importance in mainland China.
* Other Chinese dialects, such as Hakka and Teochew, are spoken by smaller communities.
* Filipino, Indonesian, and Nepali are also spoken by immigrant populations.
While Cantonese and English are the official languages, Hong Kong society is very multilingual, with many residents fluent in multiple languages.