* No official census: There isn't a definitive list of all languages spoken in the city.
* Diverse population: Batam has a diverse population with people from various backgrounds, including Indonesians from different regions, Chinese, and other nationalities.
* Language variation: Even within the same language, there can be different dialects and variations in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.
However, we can say that the most common languages spoken in Batam are:
* Indonesian: This is the official language of Indonesia and is widely spoken throughout Batam.
* Bahasa Melayu: This is a closely related language to Indonesian and is often used in everyday conversation.
* Mandarin Chinese: This is spoken by the significant Chinese community in Batam.
* English: While not as prevalent as Indonesian, English is used in business, tourism, and education.
Besides these, other languages might be spoken by smaller communities, depending on the origins of the residents.