Formal:
* Combien de pays parlent français ? (This is the most literal translation.)
* Quel est le nombre de pays francophones ? (This emphasizes the number of countries.)
Informal:
* Dans combien de pays on parle français ? (This is a more conversational way of asking.)
* Y a combien de pays qui parlent français ? (This is even more informal.)
You can also use the term pays francophones (French-speaking countries) in your question:
* Combien y a-t-il de pays francophones ? (How many French-speaking countries are there?)
Remember to adjust the verb conjugation based on the context and the pronoun you use.