When to use quotation marks:
* Unfamiliar words: If a word from another language is unfamiliar to your audience and might be mispronounced or misunderstood, quotation marks can help clarify its pronunciation or indicate it's a foreign term.
* Example: "schadenfreude" (German for "taking pleasure in someone else's misfortune")
* Emphasis: Quotation marks can emphasize a foreign word, highlighting its uniqueness or cultural significance.
* Example: The speaker ended his speech with a powerful "¡Viva la revolución!"
* Technical terms: In academic writing, quotation marks are sometimes used to indicate technical terms that have a specific meaning in a particular field.
* Example: The researchers discovered a new "terpene" (a type of organic compound) in the plant.
When not to use quotation marks:
* Commonly used words: If a foreign word is widely used in English, like "bon appétit" or "déjà vu," quotation marks are usually unnecessary.
* Proper nouns: Quotation marks should not be used for names of people, places, or organizations, even if they are foreign.
* Example: "Paris" (not "Paris")
* Italics: In general, italics are the preferred method for foreign words, especially if they are longer or have a significant cultural significance.
* Example: *a priori* (Latin for "from what comes before")
Ultimately, the best approach is to consider context and audience. If in doubt, use italics for foreign words or consult a style guide for guidance.