General:
* Weather pattern: Describes the long-term average of weather conditions in a particular region.
* Atmospheric conditions: Encompasses all aspects of the atmosphere, including temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, etc.
* Climate regime: Refers to the overall climate pattern of a region.
More specific:
* Climatic conditions: Emphasizes the specific characteristics of a climate.
* Climate system: Focuses on the complex interactions of different components that create a region's climate.
* Climate state: Refers to the current state of the climate, often used in the context of climate change.
Informal:
* Weather: While weather refers to short-term conditions, it can sometimes be used loosely to refer to general climate.
The best word to use will depend on the specific situation and the intended meaning.