What is the settlement far from country that rules it called?

There isn't a single word that perfectly describes a settlement far from the country that rules it. However, depending on the context, you could use several terms:

General terms:

* Colony: This is the most common term for a settlement established and controlled by a distant country.

* Outpost: This term emphasizes the settlement's location on the edge of a territory and its function as a base for exploration, trade, or military control.

* Settlement: This is a general term for any group of people living together, but it can be used to describe a remote settlement governed by a distant country.

* Frontier settlement: This emphasizes the settlement's location on the border between two regions, often implying a lack of established infrastructure and governance.

More specific terms:

* Exclave: This term refers to a territory that is geographically separated from the main territory of the country that rules it.

* Overseas territory: This term emphasizes that the settlement is located beyond the mainland of the ruling country.

* Dependency: This term suggests a lack of autonomy and complete reliance on the ruling country.

The best term to use depends on the specific context and the nature of the settlement's relationship with the ruling country.