Here's a breakdown:
Official Languages:
* English and French are Canada's official languages. This means that all Canadians have the right to receive education and government services in either language.
Provincial/Territorial Variations:
* Provinces with French as a minority language: In provinces like Ontario, New Brunswick, and Manitoba, children have the right to receive instruction in French, even if they don't live in a predominantly French-speaking region.
* Provinces with English as a minority language: In Quebec, English is a minority language. English instruction is available, but the majority of instruction is in French.
* Provinces with both English and French as majority languages: In New Brunswick, both English and French are official languages, and children can choose to learn in either language.
* Provinces with Indigenous languages: Some provinces and territories offer Indigenous language programs, such as Inuktitut in Nunavut.
Private Schools:
* Private schools have more flexibility in deciding the language of instruction. Some private schools offer instruction in languages other than English and French.
Immersion Programs:
* Many schools offer immersion programs, where children learn primarily in a language other than their first language. These programs are usually offered in French, but some schools offer immersion programs in other languages.
Ultimately, the language of instruction in Canadian schools is determined by a combination of provincial/territorial laws, school board policies, and parental choice.