* Mandarin is the official language: It's the standard language used in government, media, and education.
* Many dialects exist: While most people in China can understand Mandarin, there are many regional dialects that are more commonly spoken in everyday life.
* Varying levels of fluency: Some people may speak Mandarin fluently, while others may have limited proficiency.
However, it's safe to say that a vast majority of the Chinese population can understand and speak Mandarin to some degree. Estimates suggest that over 90% of the Chinese population is able to communicate in Mandarin.