1. Germanic: This is the foundation of English, stemming from Old English (Anglo-Saxon), a language brought to Britain by Germanic tribes. Words like "bread," "water," "house," "strong," and "love" come from Germanic roots.
2. Latin: This influence came through Norman French, which became the language of the ruling class in England after the Norman Conquest in 1066. Latin-based words are often more formal or scholarly, like "government," "justice," "education," "beautiful," and "science."
While these two language groups are dominant, English has borrowed words from a wide variety of other sources, including Greek, French, Spanish, Arabic, and many more.