* Dutch (also known as Flemish) is spoken by about 59% of the population, primarily in the northern and western regions of the country.
* French is spoken by about 40% of the population, primarily in the southern and eastern regions.
The presence of these two languages stems from a long and complex history:
* Historically: The region now known as Belgium was part of the Duchy of Burgundy, which spoke French. However, the northern areas were also influenced by the Dutch-speaking Netherlands.
* After the Dutch Revolt: The southern region remained part of the Spanish Netherlands, which spoke French. The northern region became part of the independent Dutch Republic.
* The French Revolution: This further divided the region, with the southern part becoming part of France for a time.
* Belgium's Independence (1830): The current borders of Belgium were established, but the linguistic divide remained.
This linguistic duality has presented challenges, leading to political tension and the complex system of regional government in Belgium. However, it also makes Belgium a uniquely diverse and vibrant country with a rich cultural heritage.