Here's a breakdown:
* Evidence: The information directly given in the text, like words, phrases, or descriptions.
* Reasoning: Your own knowledge, experiences, and understanding of the world.
* Conclusion: What you deduce from the evidence and reasoning, even if it's not directly stated.
Example:
* Text: "The girl shivered as she stepped outside. The wind was biting, and the leaves were swirling around her feet."
* Inference: It's likely a cold day because the girl is shivering and the wind is described as "biting."
Why are inferences important?
* Engaging with texts: Inferences help you connect with the text on a deeper level and understand the author's message.
* Critical thinking: Inferences require you to analyze information and draw your own conclusions, sharpening your critical thinking skills.
* Understanding characters and motivations: Inferences can help you understand characters' feelings, intentions, and motivations even if they aren't directly stated.
* Making predictions: Inferences can help you anticipate what might happen next in the story.
Types of inferences:
* Literal inferences: Based directly on the text's information.
* Figurative inferences: Based on figurative language like metaphors and similes.
* Inferring character traits: Understanding a character's personality based on their actions and words.
In short, making inferences in language arts is like filling in the gaps in the text, using your own intelligence and the clues provided by the author. It's a key skill for understanding and appreciating literature, as well as for everyday life!