1. Decoding: This refers to the ability to break down written words into their individual sounds (phonemes) and blend them together to pronounce the word. This is a foundational skill for reading, especially in alphabetic languages like English.
2. Comprehension: This involves understanding the meaning of what you're reading. It includes being able to identify the main idea, draw inferences, connect with the text, and remember key information. Comprehension is built on decoding, but also requires strong background knowledge and critical thinking skills.
3. Writing: While often considered a separate skill, writing is fundamentally linked to literacy. It involves using language effectively to express thoughts, ideas, and information. Writing skills include organization, grammar, punctuation, vocabulary, and the ability to convey meaning clearly and engagingly.
Other important literacy techniques:
* Reading fluency: The ability to read smoothly and accurately at an appropriate pace.
* Vocabulary: Understanding the meaning of words and phrases.
* Text structure: Recognizing the organization of different types of text (narrative, persuasive, expository, etc.).
* Critical thinking: Evaluating information, forming opinions, and making judgments based on evidence.
It's important to note that these are just examples, and the specific techniques used will vary depending on the specific context (e.g., reading level, subject matter, purpose).