Formal:
* Instruct: Emphasizes giving directions or specific knowledge.
* Educate: Focuses on broader learning and development.
* Train: Implies a more practical or skill-based approach.
* Impart: Suggests passing on knowledge or wisdom.
* Enlighten: Indicates a deeper understanding or revelation.
Informal:
* Show: A simpler way to say "teach" in a casual setting.
* Explain: Focuses on making something clear.
* Guide: Emphasizes providing support and direction.
* Coach: Implies helping someone improve their skills.
* Tutor: Often used for one-on-one instruction.
Other options:
* Instill: Indicates teaching a belief or value.
* Indoctrinate: Implies teaching a specific set of beliefs, often with a negative connotation.
* School: Can be used as a verb, meaning "to teach."
* Mentor: Emphasizes a long-term, supportive relationship.
* Nurture: Suggests promoting growth and development.
The best alternative will depend on the specific situation. Consider the context, audience, and the type of learning you want to convey.